Under bit and reamer.



J. 0. SWAN.

UNDER BIT AND REAMER.

v- Patented Oct 3 SEE m n=. 2 m Z mm nm 5 H F T E m m n, M W m m /m 2 m8 w 4 1 KIM: |I|I Wt v I; l J l WITNESS f;

J. O. SWAN.

UNDER BIT AND'REAMER.

APPLIGATION FILED SEPT.Z4, 1909. 973,993, Patented Oct. 25, 1910.

3 SHEETSSHEET 2. m Ir! i 15 [NVENTOR John C. Swan J. G. SWAN.

UNDER BIT AND REAMER.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT.24, 190s.

JOhnGSu/an m m m E m w W W m n a E w a m M 9 5 2 1H 1 Alzomey v i To allit may concern:

' f 'teria'l, and will be capable of being readily i an improvementupon'the underreamer deside elevation partly in section showing theofwhich the following is a description, reference being had to theaccompanying draw provide a tool in which the working parts spring caseor into the working parts.

.particularly pointed out in the claims.

'vention is designed to be usedwhere no open JOHN c. SWAN, or

MARIETTA, oHIo.

UNDER BIT AND REAMER.

Application filed-September 2 Be it known that 1, JOHN. (LSW AN, acitizen of the United States, residing at Marietta, in the county ofWashington, State of Ohio, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Under Bits and Re amers,

ings, forming a part hereof. My invention relates todrills for use belowcasing in .drilling oil wells and similar wells for wateror gas, and hasfor its object to provide a tool which will be capable of drilling ahole below casing and immediately enlarging the hole'so drilled while itis still filled with the sediment composed of the detritus of thedrilling together-with soft material which may have fallen in from thewalls of the hole.

.A further object of the invention is. to

and particularly the spring case will not be come clogged or choked bydisintegrated mas freed from such material in solution and-mechanicalmlxture which may work into the with these and other objects hereinafterexplained in View, my invention consists in the construction andcombination? of elements hereinafter "described and shown and Thepresent invention is in some respects scribed and claimed in U. S.Letters Patent No."683,352 issued to me September 24, 1901, but isdesigned for use under somewhat different conditions than those underwhich to be used, the.underreamer of my patent beneath and so used beingeflfective in-all formations while the tool of the present inhole ispresent.

Referring to the drawings: Figure '1 is a.

drill complete. Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view of the drill on aplane passing through the reaming bits or slips showing the reaming bitsor slips held 111 their lowermost or retarded position,'Fig. 3 is'a viewsimilar to i Fig. 2 but showing the reamingi bits or. slips in theirupperor working position,

Fig. 4 is a vertical sectional view of the drill on aplane at rightangles to that on Specification of Letters Patent.

' way in which bits are used in drilling.

\ Patented Oct. 25, 1910.

4, 1909. ,Serial No. 519,474.

which Figs. 2 and 3 are taken, Fig. 5 is a vertical sectional viewshowing the spring case portion with the double pin, substitute inposition, the latter being shown in elevation. Figs. 6 and 7 are crosssectional views on lines mm and y-y respectively of Fig. 2, Figs. 8 and9 are respectively a side and a face view of a reaming bit or slip,.Fig. 10 is a detail view showing a modification of the collar, carriedby the springrod, Fig. 11

is an elevation of the tool showing the sides "at right angles to thatshown in Fig. 1, Fig.

12 is a cross-sectional view on line z.e of Fig. 2, and Figs. 13 and 14show in front and side views a modified form of reaming bit or slip.

In the drawings, 1 is the bit portion of the drill, 2 is the central orreamer body portion and 3 is the spring {case section. The bit portion 1and the'reamer body and spring case portions 2 and 3 are preferablyformed of diiferen-tqualities of steel, the bit portion being preferablyof steel capable of being tempered tothe degree of hardness desirablefor a bit and united by welding tothe reamer body portion 2 which,togetherwith the spring case portion 3.is made of steel lower in carbonthan the steel of the bit portion in order to secure toughness. Thereamer body portion 2 and spring case portion 3 are preferably formed inone piece and in any case the three portions are integrally united toform a single bodyportion without joint.

The bit portion 1 is preferably of substantially the same widththroughout having its lower end shaped to form the bit point of theusual form with the faces of its cutting edge dressed at such angle asmay be found desirable, usually about 45. The cutting end of the bitportion is also preferably upset onits sides to form thenecessaryclearance to permit of its working in the usual The bit portionis also preferably flattened to form sidesparallelwith the plane of thecutting edge as shown at t and clearancegrooves -5 are preferably formedin these faces.

Any ordinary form of drilling bit may be followed in forming the bitportion 1 as lower end at which it is integrally united to the bit.portion 1 to its upper end at drill and reamer being below the reamingheads interferes proper operation.

On the sides of the central or reamer body portion at right angles tothe flattened sides 6 are formed recesses 7 adapted to receive thereaming bits or slips 8. These recesses 7 are deepest near their lowerends, their lower ends terminating in curved faces 9 graduallyapproaching the exterior surface.

materially with '7 their 7 At their upper ends these recesses terminatein shoulders 10 which are under-cut as shown preferably at an angle ofabout 26 toa plane at right angles to the axial line of the drill body.

U The sides 11 of the recesses 7 are parallel and serve as' guides forthe reaming bits or slips 8, and each side 11 is provided with a guiderib 12 of such; length as to guide the reaming bit or slip 8 in itsreciprocation but terminating at such point short of the lower end ofthe recess as to permit of the removal of the reaming bits or slips whendetached from the spring rod hereinafter described. These guide ribs 12at their upper ends are preferably integral with the shoulders 10.

The bottoms of the recesses 7 from the points of the greatest depth ofthe recesses to the shoulders 10 form together the sides" of a wedge 13on which the reaming bits or slips 8 slide, this wedge beingsufficiently thick at its upper end to cause the reaming bits or slips 8when in contact with the shoulders 10 to be expanded sufficiently tobring their cutting faces to the outer periphery of a circle of theouter diameter of the casing which is to be lowered.

The recesses have their greatest depth at about the plane -of the lowerend of the Wedge and at this point the curved faces 9 begin. Therecesses are closed at their lower ends by the mass of metal forming theupper end of the bit the metal at this point heing of the usual size incross-section of the upper end of a bit of ordinary shape. The recessesbeing thus closed at their lower ends the tendency of disintegratedmaterial to be forced into the working parts of the reamer, which isfound to take place where the ways on which the reaming bits or slipsmove, are open at their lower ends, is avoided, it not being possiblefor the disintegrated material to be forced directly upward into theworking parts as the tool descends to strike its-blow in the drilling orreaming operation.

The .recesses 7 being formed with parallel sides which are also, asshown, parallel with a plane passing through the axis of the reamer bodyat right angles to the faces of the wedge, the cross-section of thereamer body at the lower end of the wedge, which is the weakest point byreason of the fact that the recesses are deepest atthis point, presentsas is clearly shown in Fig. 12, a double T bar, thus securing thegreatest possible strength for the mass of material.

V The central or reamer body portion 2 and the spring case portion 3 areaxially bored as shown at 14, 15 this bore extending throughoutthe sprincase portion and extending in the centra or reamer body portion 2 fromits junction with the spring, case portion to a point nearly down to thelower end of the wedge 13 at which point the recesses 7 have theirgreatest de th. The bore 15 of thespring case is ma e of suflicientdiameter to recelve the coiled spring 16 the lower end of which restsupon a shoulder 17 and the upper end of which bears against a shoulder18 at the upper end of the sprin rod 19. The lower end of this spring ro19 extends into the bore 14.0f the central or body portion 2.

The wedge 13 is centrally slotted at20 parallelwith the sides 11 of therecesses 7 to receive a cross bar 21 which extends through an opening 22near the lower end of the sprin rod 19 and on which the reaming bits ors ips 8 are carried. This slot 20 extends upward only sufiiciently farto permit the cross bar 21 to move freely to the position necessary toallow the upper ends of the reaming bits or slips to be brought againstthe shoulders 10. The slot 20 extends downward to the lower end of thebore 14 and in line with the lower end of the slot the material is cutaway so as. to form grooves 23in the lower-ends 9 of the recesses -7 ofsuch shape that their bottoms come together at their upper ends to leavea wedge shaped or knife edge 24 and their lower ends merge with thecurved lower ends 9 of the bottoms of the recesses 7.

The lower end of the sprin rod 19 below the opening 22 is made we geshaped as shown at- 25 and at a point above the opening 22 the springrod is provided with a collar 26 which fits the bore 14 closely enoughto prevent the entrance of disintegrated material while permitting thepassage of water. The lower end of the s ring rod 19 is made of suchdiameter relative to the bore 14' as to fit therein with suflicientclearance to permit free movement and not to be readily choked by finesand or the like which may be carried into the bore, but

' does not fit the bore as closely as'does the collar 26.

Between the lowerelid of the spring rod 19 and the collar 26 and alsoabove the collar 26 the spring rod is reduced in diameter as shown so asto avoid a long bearing in the bore 14 which'lnight be choked by sandcarried in by the water which unavoidably enters the sprin case throughthe bore 14 to a greater oress extent in the operation of the tool. 7

The reaming bits or slips 8 are formed of a width just sufficient tomove freely between the parallel sides 11 of the recesses 7. They areprovided on opposite sides with grooves 27 to engage the guide ribs 12.At the lower ends of these grooves the metal of the outer wall of thegroove is cut away as shown at 27' (see Fig. 8.) in order to avoid thepinching in of the metal at this point which might take place in theredressing of the reaming bits, it beihg a necessary part of theredressing operation to heat the reaming bit or slip and upset the metalto force it out to replace the metal worn away by use. In this upsettingof the metal there is a tendency-to spread the metal inward as well asoutwardand consequently a tendency to reduce the width of the groove 27on the plane of the cutting edge of the reaming bit or slip. Suchtendency is effectually guarded against by cutting the metal away at27'. 1

At their upper ends the reaming bits or slips 8 are each provided withan oblique face 28 adapted to engage the obliqueabutment or shoulder 10against which itrests. when in expanded position. Below the cut-" tingedge 29 the reaming bits or slips are each provided ,with a downwardlyextending tail piece 30 having an opening 31 therethrough adapted toreceive the end of the cross bar 21, the tail piece 30 being also provided in its outer face with a recess 32 to receive a pin or rivet 33which extends through the end of the cross bar 21. e

The tail piece being extended below the plane of the cutting edge of thereaming bit or slip serves to distribute the inwardly acting force ofthe blow of thereaming 'bitor slip upon the rock or other material to becut away. All drilling or reaming tools as they strike their blow in thedrilling or reaming operation tend to cut a tapering hole and to becomewedged by the taper of'the hole and to stick, this tendency to cut atapered or pinched hole increasing as the metal of the cutting edge isworn away. The inward acting force of the blow tends to forcethe innerface of the reaming bit or slip into the face of the wedge and if thereaming bit or slip has its lower end in the same plane with its cuttingedge the face of the wedgewill be found to be cut into a. considerable.extent at the point at which the lower end of the reaming bit or slipis-in contact with it when the blow is struck. By distributing thisinward act-.

ing force by means of thettail piece injury. to the face of the wedge isavoided. The tail piece 30 also serves to prevent any tilting-of thereaming bit or slip as it comes in contact with the lower end ofthec'asing in drawing out the tool.

main portionor body of the reaming bit or slip is solid'and free fromperforations thus securing the utmost strength possible. The sides ofthe recesses 7 and the guide ribs 11 extendto the shoulders or abutments10 so that no space is left for expansion of the upper end of thereaming bit or slip thus preventing the lateral upsetting of this upperend by its striking the shoulder 10. As the slot 20 extends upward onlyfar enough to permit the necessary movement of the cross bar 21 thewedge 13 will be without opening above the level of the cutting edge ofthe reaming bit or slip when it is in its expanded or working positionand as the reaming bit or slip covers the slot when below its expandedor working position there will be no tendency of the reaming bit or slipas it moves to expanded pdsition, (or as the wedge 13 moves downwardbetween the reaming bits, or slips in actual operation) to drive orforce disintegrated material into the spring case.

In the downward movement of the tool as the reamingbits or slips strikethe material which is to be cut away; they will be at the upper end ofthe wedge resting against the shoulders or ,abutnients 10. At the sametime the collar 26 will be in the bore 1t closing it against theentrance of any solid material except the very fine material which iscarried by the water present in the well hole. The entrance oflsolidmaterial into the bore 14 is further guarded against by the cross bar 21which, when the reaming bits or slips are in operating position asaboveede'scribed, will be at the upper end i of the slot 20 and nearlyin 'contact "with the upper end of the slot thus closing this upper endof the slot.

In the upward movement ofthe tool the relative" movement of the reamingbits or slips will depend upon the rapidity of the upward movement andupon the gamma 3 which the reaming bits or slips have been wedgedagainst thewvalls of the well hole, but in any case as the tool is drawnupward the reaming bits or slips will move downedges from contact ,withthe walls of the hole and will tend to approach the lower end of thewedge to a greater or less extent dependent upon the strength of thespring 16. This relatively downward movement of the reaming bits orslips on the wedge will move the collar 26 downward in the bore '14andif the movement is sufficient will carry the collar 26 below thelower liquid has entered the spring case. By raising the tool intocomparatively clear water and raising and lowering it quickly so as tocause the reaming bits or slips to move up and down on the wedge and tocause the spring rod 19 with its collar 26 to move up and down in thebore 14 the spring case may be effectively washed out.

When the reaming bits or slips are at their lowermost position the crossbar 21 i will be above the lower end of the slot 20 and will be capableof sustaining the reaming bits or slips so that even should the springrod 19 be broken the reaming bits or slips cannot become detached fromthe tool and cannot swing outward by'reason of the fact that even whenthe cross bar is at the'lower end of the slot it will hold the reamingbits or slips at such elevation that their grooves 27 will still be inengagement with the guide ribs 12.

As the reaming bits or slips approach their lowest position the wedgeshaped end 25 of the spring rod will approach the knife edge 24 so as toexert a splitting action upon any disintegrated material which may havelodged in the slot 20 and to force it downward against the knife edge 24and cause it to be forced downward and outward along the grooves 23. Thetool is thus not only so constructed as to be free from liability ofbeing choked or clogged by disintegrated material but is also selfcleaning as regards any such material which may have become lodged inthe working parts.

It will be understood that the upper end of the spring case is closed bythe pin 34 so that the only place at which anything can enter the springcasein the operation of the tool is through the bore 14.

In assembling the tool the spring rod 19' with the spring 16 in place onit is inserted through the bore 15 into the bore 14 until its end isbelow the upper end of slot 20, and the spring case is then closed byscrewing the pin 34 into the socket in the upper end of the spring case.A wire or cord 37 is then inserted through the hole 36 in the lower endof thef-s"pring rod and the spring rod drawn downward the wire or cordbeing end of the Y bore 14 permitting the escape of whatever loweredpast it.

ward along the bottoms'of the recesses until their grooves 27 engage theguide ribs 12.

They are then slid upward until the openings 31 in their tail pieces 30are opposite the opening 22 in the lower end of the spring rod. Thecross bar 21 is then passed through and secured by the pins or rivets33. The tool is then ready for use when connected up as a part of theusual string of drilling tools. The' tool is then lowered through thecasing. The point of the bit and the portion of the reamer body abovethe wedge are preferably of as nearly as possible the inner diameter ofthe casing allowing onlyfor such clearance as is found necessary toallow unavoidable deformity of the casing. By reason of the flatteningof the reamer-body as shown at 6 it is possible to lower and raisethetool past deformities of the casing which would obstruct the passage ofthe tool if cylindrical as, if the tool strikes and is stopped by adeformity, it

in line with such deformity when it may be When the tool has beenlowered below the lower end of the casing and theend of the bit'strikesthe bottom the wire or cord 37 will be severed. At most only one or twoblows will be certain to sever it. As soon as this wire or cord isbroken the reaming bits will be released and will be' drawn up along thefaces of the wedge 13 by the spring 16 acting through the spring rod 19and cross bar 21 until they are in expanded position with their upperends resting against the shoulders or abutments .10. The tool isthen'ready for operation to effect simultaneously both the drilling of ahole the size of the bit and the enlarging of this hole to the sizenecessary to receive the casing, it being necessary to withdraw the toolonly for bailing out the disintegrated material it accumulates.

In withdrawing the tool, as the reaming bits or slips strike the loweredge of the easing, they will be forced downward along the faces of thewedge 13 until they are sufliciently contracted to pass into the casing.When so forced downward along the faces of the wedge the collar 26 willbe brought below the upper end of the slot 20 so that whatever water maybe in the spring case may run out.

\Vhile the reaming bits or slips will ordinarily have their cuttingedges on the arc of the circle of the hole to be formed it is sometimesdesirable in certain formations to use reaming bits or slipshaving theircutting edges as shown in Figs. 13 and 14 that is on the line of adiameter of the circle of may be raised and rotated to bring a flat sidethe hole'to be cut. Instead of the solid col- 4 lar 26 a cup 38 ofleather or oth er flexible. material may be used as shown in Fig. 10. v

of parts as shown and described.

Having thus described my invention and explained the operation thereof,what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

(-- 1. A reaming bit having a tail piece extending below the plane ofthe cutting edge andprovided with a perforation, the portion above theplahe of the cutting edge being imperforate.

2. In a tool for enlarging 'a drilled hole, a

reamer body having a wedge shaped portion, reaming bits arranged to bemovable on the faces of the wedge and having tail pieces, extendingbelow the plane of their cutting edges, a slot extending through thewedge parallel with the, axis of the reamer body at right angles to thefaces of the wedge,'a cross bar movable in said slot engaging the tailpieces of the reaming bits and means for moving the cross-bar toward theupper end of the wedge;

3. In a tool for enlarging a drilled hole, a reamer body having a wedgeshaped portion having abutments formed at the upper ends of the faces ofthe wedge, reaming bits arranged to be movable on the faces of the Wedgeeach having a tail piece extending below the plane of its cutting edge,a slotextending through the wedge parallel with the axis of the-reamerbody at right angles -to the faces of the wedge, .said slot terminatingat its upper end at a distance, from said abutments not less than thedistance from the upper end of a reamingbit to its cutting edge, a crossbar movable in said slot eugaging the tail pieces of. the reaming bits,

and means for moving the cross bar toward the upper end of the slot. i

4. In a tool for enlarging a drilled hole, a

reamer body having a wedge shaped portion having abutments formed at theupper ends of the faces of the wedge, reaming bits arranged 'to bemovable on the faces of the Wedge each having a tail piece extendingbelow'the plane of" its cutting edge, a slot. extending through theWedge parallel with 4 the axis of the reamer body at. right angles tothe faces, of the wedge, said slot terminating at its upper endatkadistance from said .abutments not less than the distance from theupper end of a reaming bit to its cutting edge, a cross bar movable inand fitting said slot and engaging the tail pieces of'the reaming bitsimmediately below the cuttmg edges so that when thereaming bits areagainst the abutments, the cross bar will close the slot. againstentrance of solid material present in the drilled hole, and means formoving the cross bar toward the upper end of the slot.

5. In a tool for enlarging a drilled hole, a v

reamer'body having a wedge shaped portion, abutments at the upper endsof the faces of the wedge, reaming bits movable on the faces of thewedge eachv having its portion above its cutting edge imperforate, acentral bore extending substantially to the lower end of the wedge, aslotextending through the wedge parallel with the axis of the re'amerbody and at right angles to the faces of the wedge and communicatingwith said central bore, said slot terminating at its upper end at adistance from the upper end of the wedge not substantially less than thedistance from the upper end of a reams ing bit tothe plane of its cuttmgedge, .a spring rod movable in said central bore, a cross bar earned bysaid'spriifg rod, fitting said slot and extending therethrough intoengagement with the reaming bits below :the plane of their cuttingedges, said cross bar being adapted to close the upper end of the slot'when'the reaming bits are against the abutments.

6. In a tool for enlarging a drilled hole, a reamer body having a wedgeshaped portion, a central bore extending substantially to the lower endof the wedge, a slot extending through the wedge parallel with the axisof the reamer body and at right angles to the faces of the wedgecommunicating with said central bore and terminating a substantialdistance bel'ow the upper end of the wedge, a spring rod movable in saidcentral bore, reaming bits movable on the faces of the wedge, meanscarried by the sprlng rod xtendin through the slot and engag ng thereaming bits, and a collar on the spring rod fitting said central boreand so located that when the reaming bits are in their lowermostposition said collar will be be low the upper end of the slot.. I

7. In a tool for enlarging'a drilled hole, a reamer body having a wedgeshaped portion, a spring case above and integral with the reamer' body,means for closing the upper. end of the spring case, a central bore incommunication with the interior of the spring case extending through thereamer in the spring case acting to draw the spring rod upward, reamingbits movable on the faces of the wedge, means carried by the spring rodengaging the reamin bits, and a collar carried by the spring r andfitting the central bore, the collar being so located that. when thereaming bits are at their lowermost position the collar will be belowthe upper end of the slot.

8. In a tool for enlarging a drilled hole, a reamer body havinglongitudinal recesses formed in opposite sides thereof the bottoms ofsaid recesses forming the faces of a wedge, the lower ends of the,recesses being curved downward and outward from the lower end of thewedge, guide ribs on the sides of the recesses parallel withthe faces.of the wedge and terminating above the lower end of the'wedge, andreaming bits having side grooves adapted to engage the guide ribs, saidreaming bits being of less length than the distance between the lowerends of the guide ribs and the lower end of the recesses.

9. In a tool for enlarging a drilled hole, a reamer body havinglongitudinal recesses formed in opposite sides thereof the bottoms ofsaid recesses forming the faces of a wedge, the lower ends of therecesses being curved downward and outward from the lower end of thewedge, guide ribs on the sides ofthe recesses parallel withtthe faces ofthe wedge and terminating-above the lower end of the wedge, reaming bitshaving side grooves adapted to engage the guide ribs, said ream ing bitsbeing of less length than the distance between the lower ends of theguide ribs and the lower end of the recesses, a slot extending throughthe wedge parallel, with the axis of the reamer body and at right anglesto the faces of the wedge, extending to the lower end of the wedge, andgrooves formed in the lower ends of the recesses in line with the slotthe grooves being of such de th at their upper ends as to leave betweent em a knife edge on the axial line of the reamer body.

10. In a tool for enlarging a drilled hole, a reamer body havinglongitudinal recesses, formed in'opposite sides thereof the bottoms I ofsaid recesses forming the faces of a wedge,

through the wedge parallel the reamer body and at right angles to thethe lower ends of the recessesbeing curved downward and outward from thelower end of the wedge, guide ribs on the sides of the recesses parallelwith the faces of the wed e and terminating above the lower end of t ewedge, reaming bits having side grooves adapted to engage the guideribs, said reaming bits'being of less length than .the distance betweenthe lower ends of the guide ribs and the lower end of the recesses, acentral bore extending through the reamer body to the lower end of thewedge, a slot extending with the axis of ,ment with the guide ribs.

"sides of the recesses faces of the wedge, extending to the lower endof-the wedge, a spring rod movable in said central bore and having acrossbar extending through the slot into engagement with the reamingbits and having its lower end terminating in a'cutting edge parallelwith the faces of the wedge, and grooves formed in the lower ends of therecesses, in line with the slot, the grooves being of such depth attheir'upper ends as to leave between them a knife edge on the axial lineedge of the spring rod.

11. In a tool for enlarging a drilled hole, a reamer body having inopposite sides longitudinal recesses to receive reaming bits, thebottoms of said recesses forming the faces of a wedge on whichsaidreaming bits are arranged to bemovable, guide ribs on the side wallsof the recesses extending from the upper ends of the recesses to a pointabove the apex of the wedge, a longitudinal slot extendingthrough thewedge terminating at the apex of the wedge, a cross bar movable in saidslot, reaming bits movable on the faces of the wedge having openingsbelow the plane of their cutting edges for engaging the cross bar andprovided with grooves for engaging the guide ribs, the length 'of thereaming bits or slips being such that when the cross bar is at the lowerend of the slot the grooves will be in engage- 12. In a tool forenlarging a drilled hole, a reamer body having in opposite sideslongitudinal recesses to receive reaming hits the bottoms of saidrecesses forming the faces of a wedge, reaming bits arranged to bemovable on the faces of said wedge and provided with extensions belowtheir cutting edges, a longitudinal slot extending through the wedgeandterminating at its upper end at a distance below the upper end of thewedge corresponding to the length of the reaming bits above theircutting edges, whereby the upper portionof the wedge is left free fromopenings, and means movable in the slot engaging the extensions on thereaming bits.

13. In a tool for enlarging a drilled hole, a reamer body having inopposite sides longitudinal recesses, the bottoms of the recessesforming the faces'of a wedge, abutments formed at the upper end of thewedge having faces arranged at an oblique ang e to the axial line of thereamer body, guide ribs on the arallel with the faces of the wedgeextending up' to and formed integral with the abutments, reaming bitsmovableon the faces of the wedge having grooves for engaging the guideribs and having their upper ends adapted to contact with and bearagainst the abutments, and means for moving'the reaming bits intocontact with the abutments. 14. In a tool for drilling a hole'and si--of the reamer body in line with the cutting multaneous'ly enlarging,the drilled hole, a reamer body having a wedge shaped portion,

reaming bits arranged tobe movable on the faces of the wedge and havingtail pieces extending below the plane of their cutting edges, a slotextending through the wedge parallel with the axis of the reamer body atright angles to the faces of the wedge, a

' cross bar movable in said slot engaging the tail pieces of the reamingbits, means for. moving the cross bar toward the upper end of the wedge,and a. bit formed integrally with and extending below the reamer bodythe upper end of the bit-forming an abutment at the lower end of thewedge.

15. In a toolfor drilling a hole and simultaneously enlarging thedrilled hole, a reamer body having a wedge shape portion havingabutments formed at the upper ends of the faces of the wedge, reamingbits arranged to be movable on the faces of the wedge each'havmg a tailpiece extending below the plane of its cutting edge, a slot I extendingthroughthe wedge parallel with "the axis of the reamer body at rightangles to the faces of the wedge, said slot termi nating at its upperendat a distance from said abutments notless than the distance from theupper end of a reaming bit to its cutting edge, a cross bar movable insaid ends of the faces of the wedge,reaming bits arranged to be movableon the faces of the wedge each havin a tail iece extending below theplane 0 its cutting edge, a slot extending through the wedge parallelwith the axis of the reamer body at rightangles to the faces of thewedge, said slot terminating at its upper end'at a distance from saidabutments not less" than the distance from the upper end of a reamingbit to its cuttin edge, a cross bar movable 1n and'fitting sai slot andengaging the tail pieces of the reaming bits immediately below thecutting edges so that when the reaming bits or slips are against theabutmentsy the cross bar will close the slot against entrance of solidmaterial present in the drilled hole, means for moving the cross bartoward the upper end of the slot, and a bit formed integral with andextending below the reamer body the upper end of the bit forming anabutment at the lower end of the wedge.

' 17 In a tool for drilling a hole and simultaneously enlarging thedrilled hole, a

abutment at the lower end of the p reamer body having a wedge shapedportion, a central bore extending substantially to the lower end of thewedge, a slot extending through the wedge parallel with the axis of thereamer-body at right anglesto the faces'of the wedge and communicatingwith said central bore, a spring rod movable in said central bore,reaming bits movable on the faces of the wedge, means carried by thespring rod extending through the slot andengaging themeaming bits, acollar on x the spring rod fitting said central bore, and

a bit formed integral with and extending-below the reamer body the upperend of the bit forming an abutment at the lower end of the wedge, l8. Ina tool for drilling a hole and simultaneously enlarging the drilledhole, a

reamer bodv haying longitudinal recesses formed in 'OPPOSltQ sidesthereof the bottoms of said recesses forming the faces of a" wedge, thelower'ends of'the recesses being curved downward and outward from thelower end'of the wedge,, guide ribs on the sides of the recessesparallelwith the faces of the wedge and terminating above the lower endof the wedge, reaming bits having a side grooves adapted to engage theguide rlbs, said reaming bits'heing of less length than thedistance-between the lower ends of the guide ,ribs and the lower end ofthe recesses, vand a bit-integralwith and extending downward from thereamer body. the head. of the bit forming the lower end of the recesses.o i 4 19. In a tool for drilling a hole and simultaneously enlarging the5 drilled hole, a-

reamer body having longitudinal recesses formed in opposite sidesthereof the bottomsof said recesses forming the faces of a wedge, thelower ends of the recesses 'bei'ng curved downward and outward from thelower end of the wedge, guide ribs on the sides of the recesses parallelwith the faces of the wedge and terminating above the lower end of thewed e, reaming bits having side grooves adapte ribs, saidreaming bitsbeing of less length than the distance between the lower endsof ,theguide ribs and the lower end of the recesses, a slot extending throughthe wedge parallel with the axis of the reamer body and at right anglesto the faces of the wedge, extending to the lower end of the wedge,grooves formed in the lower ends of the recesses in' linewith the 'slotthe grooves being of such depth at their upper ends as'to leave betweenthem a knife edge.

on the axial line of the ieamer body, and a bit integral with andextending downward to engage the guide from the reamer body, 'the headof the 'bit I forming the lower end of the recesses.

20. In a tool for drilling a hole and simul taneously enlarging thedrilled hole, a

reamer body having longitudinal recesses lower end of the wedge, reamingbits having side grooves adapted to engage the guide ribs, said reamingbitsbeing of less length than the distance between the lower'ends of theguide 'ribs and the-lower end of the recesses, a central bore extendingthrough the reamer body to the lower end of the wedge, a slot extendingthrough the wedge parallel with the axis of the reamer body and at rightangles to the faces of the wedge, ex-

tending to the lower end of the wedge, a spring rod movable in saidcentral bore and having a cross barextending through the slot intoengagement with the-reaming bits and having its lower end terminating ina cutting edge parallel with the faces of the wedge, grooves formed inthe lower ends of the recesses, in line with the slot, the grooves beingof such depth at'thefi' upper ends as to leave between them a knife edgeon the axial line of the reamer body in line with the cutting edge ofthe spring rod, and a bit integral with and extending downward from thereamer body, the head of the bit forming the lower end of the recesses.

21. In a tool for drilling a hole and simultaneously enlarging thedrilled hole, a reamer body having in opposite sides longitudinalrecesses toreceive reaming bits, the bottoms of said recesses formingthe faces of a wedge on which said reaming bits are arranged to bemovable, guide ribs on the side walls of the recesses extending from theupper ends of the recesses to a point above the apex of the wedge andterminating at a distance from the lower ends of the recesses, alongitudinal slot extending' throughthe wedge terminating at the apex ofthe wedge, 'a cross bar movable in said slot, reaming bits movable onthe faces of the wedge having openings below the plane of their cuttingedges for engaging the cross bar and provided with grooves for engagingthe guide ribs, the length ofthe reaming bits being such that when thecross bar is at the lower end of the slot the grooves will be inengagement with the guide ribs, and a bit integral with and extendingbelow said reamer body, the upper end of the bit serving to close thelower ends of the recesses.

This specification signed and witnessed this 17th'day of September A. D.1909.

JOHN C. SW'AN.

